Calculate your federal income tax by bracket. See exactly how much is taxed at each rate.
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This US tax bracket calculator helps you see how the federal progressive tax system actually applies to your income, so you can estimate what you owe and understand the difference between your marginal and effective tax rates. It is aimed at employees, freelancers and anyone doing back-of-the-envelope tax planning.
The United States uses a progressive tax system, which means income is taxed in layers. As your income rises it fills each bracket in turn, and only the portion of income that falls inside a given bracket is taxed at that bracket's rate. Your top bracket is your marginal rate, but your effective rate — total tax divided by total income — is always lower.
To estimate federal income tax, start with gross income, subtract the standard deduction (or itemized deductions) to reach taxable income, then apply the bracket rates in sequence. Bracket thresholds and the standard deduction are adjusted for inflation each year, so always check the current IRS figures for the tax year you are filing.
The US uses a progressive tax system. Only the income that falls within each bracket is taxed at that rate — not your entire income.
For 2024, the standard deduction is $14,600 for single filers and $29,200 for married filing jointly.
FICA includes Social Security (6.2%) and Medicare (1.45%), totalling 7.65% of gross pay up to applicable limits.
Your marginal rate is the rate on your last dollar of income (your top bracket). Your effective rate is total tax divided by total income, and it is always lower because the earlier brackets are taxed at lower rates.